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KMID : 0338420200350020400
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Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
2020 Volume.35 No. 2 p.400 ~ p.407
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Assessment of nephrotoxicity of herbal medicine containing aristolochic acid in mice
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Quan Yi
Jin Long
Luo Kang
Jin Jian
Lim Sun-Woo
Shin Yoo-Jin
Ko Eun-Jeong
Chung Byung-Ha
Yang Chul-Woo
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Abstract
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Background/Aims: It is undetermined if herbal medicines (HM) containing aristolochic acid (AA)-containing have similar nephrotoxicity to AA itself.
Methods: We administered HM containing a high concentration of AA for 5 days (short-term study) or a low concentration of AA for 30 days (long-term study) to C57BL/6 mice; for comparison, same dose of AA compound was used as controls.
Results: The nephrotoxicity in the HM- and AA-treated mice was compared in terms of renal function, histopathology, oxidative stress, apoptotic cell death, and mitochondrial damage. Short-term HM treatment resulted in acute kidney injury (marked renal dysfunction, acute tubular necrosis, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL] expression) in which the severity of renal dysfunction and histopathology was comparable with that induced by the administration of AA alone. Long-term HM treatment resulted in features of chronic kidney disease (CKD, mild renal dysfunction and tubular atrophy and dilatation). No significant differences in these parameters were observed between the HM- and AA-treated mice. HM-induced oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and manganese- dependent superoxide dismutase expression) and apoptotic cell death (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling [TUNEL]-positive cells and active caspase-3 expression) were similar in HM- and AA-treated mice in the short-term and long-term studies. Mitochondrial injury, evaluated by electron microscopy, was also similar in HM- and AA-treated mice in the short-term and long-term studies.
Conclusions: The nephrotoxic potential of HM containing AA was similar to that of AA itself.
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KEYWORD
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Herbal medicine, Aristolochic acid, Oxidative stress, Apoptosis
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